Health Insurance Companies Ration Health Care by “Hassle Factor”

If an insurance company requires health care workers to call them every time they deem a patient in need of psychiatric care, and the call can take anywhere from 10 minutes to several hours for the clinician, health care workers are going to think long and hard before they decide to seek inpatient admission for a psychiatric patient, even if the end result is almost always that the insurance company authorizes (i.e. agrees to pay for) the admission.

This is what I call “rationing by hassle factor,” a term I first heard used by my colleague Steffie Woolhandler, MD, MPH.

This kind of rationing happens all of the time and your insurance company profits as a result.

We deserve a health care system that is not driven by the profit motive.  Stay tuned for more in upcoming weeks on this topic, including a paper to be published in the medical literature.

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Ethical Issues in State Physician Health Programs

In our Journal of Addiction Medicine piece just published (which you can access here), co-author John R. Knight MD and myself discuss ethical and managerial considerations regarding state physician health programs (PHPs).  These are programs that work with physicians who have various kinds of health related issues, including substance use disorders and mental health issues.  As we note, “For most physicians, participation in a PHP evaluation is coercive, and once a PHP recommends monitoring, physicians have little choice but to cooperate with any and all recommendations if they wish to continue practicing medicine.”  As we note, the fact that they have high success rates does not obviate the need for scrutiny of PHPs and does not excuse abusive practices when they exist.  Such an argument is a weak utilitarian argument.  Separately, to argue by analogy to airline pilots does nothing to alter the facts that some PHP practices are abusive and ethically indefensible.  (See http://www.asam.org/publications/president’s-blog/asam-president’s-blog/2012/10/16/how-to-achieve-an-80-percent-recovery-rate)

What are some examples?

For one, as we point out in our essay, some PHPs report physicians for positive test results when the PHP knows that these test results do not indicate relapse or ANY problematic behavior by physicians.  What’s the big deal?  Well, getting reported to one’s board of medicine is almost uniformly terrifying and can require retaining legal help to address the issue, coming out of practice while the “false positive” test is being investigated, and significant psychological distress.  One physician told me that one of these days a physician is going to commit suicide after one of these reports.

In addition, as we point out in our piece, PHPs often have complicated, financially intertwined relationships with the programs they send physicians to for evaluation and treatment.  And these are just a couple of the problematic issues about PHPs.

As we conclude in our Journal of Addiction Medicine piece, “Since PHP practices are unknown to most physicians prior to becoming a client of the PHP, many PHPs operate outside the scrutiny of the medical community at large. Physicians referred to PHPs are often compromised to some degree, have very little power, and are therefore not in a position to voice what might be legitimate objections to a PHP’s practices.”  Because of this, to argue as some have that we can just let the legal system deal with any potential abuses of PHPs is either naïve or an attempt to allow some unethical practices to continue without scrutiny.  We conclude our piece by recommending that the broader medical community begin to reassess PHPs.

The time for action is upon us.

 

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New book! Almost Addicted published by Hazelden Press!

New book entitled Almost Addicted.

Do you think your pot smoking is hindering your relationships? Does it feel as if you’re just a tad too dependent on the pills your doctor prescribed for pain? Almost Addicted will help you assess your or your loved one’s drug use and evaluate its impact on relationships, work, and personal well-being.

Most people who abuse illegal drugs don’t fit the image of the dysfunctional, hustling addict who can’t fit into normal society. Between the estimated 10 percent of the population who are true addicts and those who don’t use drugs at all falls a group of regular drug users who oftentimes don’t realize how much their use is affecting their daily lives.

According to J. Wesley Boyd, MD, of Harvard Medical School, and Eric Metcalf, MPH, these people are are almost addicted. Whether their drug of choice is legal or illegal, an upper or a hallucinogen, an almost addicts’ drug use is negatively impacting their quality of life—but falls short of meeting the diagnostic criteria for substance abuse or dependence.

For the first time, Boyd and Metcalf describe what it is to be almost addicted and provide almost addicts and their loved ones with the knowledge and guidance to address and evaluate their condition. In this book, readers will find the tools to

identify and assess their patterns of drug use;

evaluate its impact on relationships, work, and personal well being;

develop strategies and goals for abstaining from or cutting back on drugs;

measure the results of applying these strategies; and

make informed decisions about next steps, including getting professional help if needed.

http://www.amazon.com/Almost-Addicted-Loved-Problem-Effect/dp/1616491019/ref=pd_sim_b_3

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Communitarian, to a Degree

To think that individuals are completely separate from one another, unmoved or unaffected by our connections to others, is almost always simple minded.  Although theoretically such a notion might be neat and tidy, it neglects the obvious fact that we are intimately tied to those persons we care about and and love.  Furthermore, we are also connected to those we know and care about and, by extention, countless others.  Turning away from this fact does not negate its veracity.  This basic truth has significant social, political, and psychological ramifications.  I ask:  are we, individually or collectively, ready to embrace this obvious fact and accept its implications and consequences?

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We All Tethered to One Another

The western conception that we are each completely separate from one another, unmoved or unaffected by our connections to others, is hogwash.  In fact our own fate is intimately tied to that of the persons we care about and, by extention, countless others.  We cannot turn our backs on those we might otherwise deem “less than” or whom our culture chooses to all but ignore without condemning ourselves in the process.

Melville knew this.  He got it.  He spent time on ships that would sail for years at a time with a crew and the single question about any of the hands on the ship was not “what is your race?” or “Where are you from?”  Instead, the sole question of import was:  “Can you do your job?”  This question was all-important because if a single individual couldn’t do his job (and it was usually/always “his” job in those days) the safety of everyone was placed in jeopardy.

Again from Moby Dick:  As Queequeg is standing on a whale carcass in the ocean with sharks swarming, tethered to the narrator Ishmael:  “The monkey rope was fast at both ends; fast to Queequeg’s broad canvas belt, and fast to my narrow leather one.  So that for better or for worse, we two, for the time, were wedded; and should Queequeg sink to rise no more then . . . honour demanded . . . it should drag me down in his wake . . . My dear comrade and twin brother . . . are you not the precious image of each and all of us men?”

“That unsounded ocean you gasp in, is Life.”

Life is not a trial run.  It’s not like we’re going to get a better chance to do it right the next time around.  So right here and now let’s take in this message of our deep inter-connection to everyone around us.

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Moby Dick–“The Whiteness of the Whale”

For various reasons–mostly because the book I’ve written on addiction is done and at the publisher so I am allowing myself the time–I finally began reading Moby Dick.  I’m now on Chapter 42  which is entitled “The Whiteness of the Whale.”  Melville wrote this work a decade before the Civil War, and he was completely and totally spot on about color, race, and the power dynamics therein.  He understands human nature so well that psychologists and psychoanalysts could spend as much fruitful time–and probably more–reading Melville as reading anything officially labeled “psychology” . . .

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WUI–Writing Under the Influence

The diagnostic manual in psychiatry is currently being rewritten.

Given the conflicts of interest among past authors of the psychiatric diagnostic manual, the psychiatrists who are currently in the process of creating a new diagnostic manual have pledged to limit their income from the pharmaceutical industry to $10,000 or less per year until the completion of their work on the manual.  They did so because of the perception that the authors of the previous versions of the manual have had close ties to the pharmaceutical industry and therefore might have been biased toward creating labels and diagnoses that would serve to benefit the pharmaceutical industry.

After all, pharmaceutical companies market drugs to treat these “illnesses.”  The more illness there are, the larger the potential market for drugs . . .

Although it is nice that the manual’s authors will limit their income from industry during the time they work on the diagnostic manual, several questions remain:  Will anyone question the manual’s authors’ self disclosures and/or investigate their actual income from such sources?  Secondly, even if the authors personally adhere to the self imposed limits, how much pharmaceutical funding is being funneled into the authors’ respective departments by way of lectureships, endowed chairs, or sponsored research?  For example, some of the authors chair departments of psychiatry that collectively receive substantial sums of money annually from pharma.  Furthermore, given that many of the authors have received substantial payouts in the recent past from industry—and are free to do so again after the manual is published—is there any question that their judgment might be influenced by their past pharmaceutical payouts or the possibility of more in the future?

Why is this significant?  Apart from what these diagnoses potentially mean for the pharmaceutical industry or the insurance industry—which in part bases payment for treatment upon the diagnostic label used–labels carry with them power, especially when they are couched in scientific terminology and possess an air of objectivity. 

I hope to explore the dynamics of power in future posts

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All Natural Does Not Mean Totally Safe

Although I completely empathize with those who want to turn away from a pharmaceutical industry that relentlessly markets drugs as panaceas and goes so far as to create “illnesses” almost out of thin air in order to market drugs to cure them, the reaction of embracing everything marketed as “natural” or “herbal” is misguided.

Isaac Newton (via his Third Law—a bit paraphrased) and others remind us that anything that has the possibility of helping us can also harm us.  Merely being “natural” confers no inherent safety.  That means that herbal treatments, acupuncture, homeopathic remedies, and anything else that can claim to be “all natural” is not guaranteed to be free of side effects.  I’ve seen people made anxious and irritable by herbal treatments and people wind up in psychiatric emergency rooms after receiving acupuncture treatments.  (Just to make sure the allopathic folks aren’t gloating right now:  I’ve seen as much and worse in folks who’ve taken psychiatric medications.)

Still clinging to the notion that being natural means being safe?  Our two biggest killers, tobacco and alcohol, are in and of themselves perfectly natural substances.

Not only are they not inherently safe, but natural treatments aren’t necessarily efficacious.  Therefore to claim, as some have, that because many herbal treatments are centuries old their efficacy is obvious, is specious.  Slavery and the oppression of women—to name just a couple of centuries old traditions–also have been around for eons but that certainly doesn’t mean that they are correct, true, ought to be embraced, or are beyond scrutiny.

 

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Military Medical Ethics 101

Torture is wrong, regardless of the justification given for it and irrespective of whether a case is made that what’s happening is not torture.  Doctors, especially, need to refuse to participate in torture in any way, shape, or form.  And they need to go even further and work to prevent and prohibit torture in any form.

 

Want more?  See:  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9H4fKgAF13ECheers.

 

 

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Psychiatric Care is Hard to Find . . .

No availability, long waits, no response to phone messages.   And this in Massachusetts which mandates that everyone have health insurance.  If it’s this hard to find a psychiatrist in a state that mandates coverage, imagine what that means for folks in other states.

Please see:

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/746935

for details . . . .

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